K\u0128 N\u0102NG C\u1ee6A Y H\u1eccC v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft. V\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 x\u1eed v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00ed cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd, c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n hay b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng hay l\u00e0 th\u00e1o ch\u00fang ra? \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111au c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ecd b\u1ecb k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh l\u00e2u v\u00e0 \u0111au c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap, trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebft b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng? M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i, mu\u1ed1n ki\u1ec3m \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
DUY TR\u00cc S\u1ed0NG<\/p>\n
B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft \u1edf nh\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng nay \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ebft trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c nh\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e3o. Vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef cho s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, l\u00e0m sao ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng? V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f4n m\u00ea, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u1edfi \u1ed1m b\u1ec7nh suy tho\u00e1i? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb b\u1ecb d\u1ecb d\u1ea1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng hay b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng n\u00e3o?<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nguy\u00ean l\u00ed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho ch\u00fang ta. Theo gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 linh thi\u00eang li\u00eang; m\u1ecdi sinh linh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh ph\u1eadt, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9. Tr\u00e1nh s\u00e1t sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh ki\u1ec3m con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eady m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khuy\u00ean nh\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay m\u1ed9t l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng “ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c,” hay l\u00e0m ra nh\u1eefng qui t\u1eafc cho c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7 n\u00e0o ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3, tu\u1ef3 theo t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0, bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 v\u00e0o t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u1eb1ng sau n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o khi m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft? \u0110\u1ea1t lai l\u1ea1t ma \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t – tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft: “Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u01a1 may n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00fd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c – v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 v\u1edbi h\u1ecd s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u th\u00eam d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ph\u00fat l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng.” \u00d4ng \u1ea5y nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady: “N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd h\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng, th\u1ebf th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft ri\u00eang; r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t ho\u00e1.”[i]<\/a><\/p>\n C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng hay h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n cho nh\u1eefng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n, kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu, v\u00e0 sao l\u00e3ng v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc gay c\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang h\u00f4n m\u00ea h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra xung quanh h\u1ecd. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0o l\u00fac ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m linh \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm vi\u1ec7c tu luy\u1ec7n hay an \u0111\u1ecbnh trong b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed.<\/p>\n N\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nguy c\u01a1 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 kh\u00eau g\u1ee3i vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, h\u1eddn gi\u1eadn, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n nguy\u00ean g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. H\u1ecd h\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, b\u1ecb tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp b\u1edfi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hi v\u1ecdng th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y hay gi\u1edd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft \u00e1n h\u1ecd b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 th\u00eam trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u00f9ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 may b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. T\u1ed1t h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed an b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c nh\u00e2n danh h\u1ecd. Khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi v\u1ecdng g\u00ec, vi\u1ec7c d\u1eebng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u00e1c, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1 gi\u1eef cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n b\u1ed7ng s\u00f4i l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng. H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y x\u00f4 t\u1edbi gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u01a1m \u0111\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c m\u0169i ti\u00eam ch\u00edch v\u00e0o v\u00e0 b\u1ecb gi\u1eadt n\u1ea3y l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec7n. Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ecbp tim, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u00f4 xi trong m\u00e1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f3ng n\u00e3o v\u00e0 v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9, c\u01a1n cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n k\u0129 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac.[ii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 sau ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. L\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng an b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng?<\/p>\n Ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1n hay t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. N\u1ebfu b\u00e0 con ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngay c\u1ea3 khi b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i. Kh\u00f4ng may, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n theo \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u1edf nh\u00e0.<\/p>\n \u1ede v\u00e0i n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 Di ch\u00fac s\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ham mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00ed, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u1ede M b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea3o c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “U\u1ef7 quy\u1ec1n d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb” v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, xa nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng. Trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau t\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p cho b\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t nh\u00e2n danh b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i (nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau \u1edf ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 11, “L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u00e2m can v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft”) l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra xem li\u1ec7u b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n r\u00fat c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng khi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c n\u1ebfu tim b\u1ea1n ng\u1eebng. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho m\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edd \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft l\u00ean b\u1ea3ng theo d\u00f5i nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u00e1o m\u1ecdi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 d\u00e2y d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea1n ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn h\u1ed3i s\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng ri\u00eang n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u0103m d\u00f2 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed quanh b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng, an b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u00fat ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n CHO PH\u00c9P CH\u1ebeT X\u1ea2Y RA<\/p>\n N\u0103m 1986 H\u1ed9i y t\u1ebf M\u0129 \u0111\u01b0a ra qui t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 th\u1ee9c \u0103n v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u00f4n m\u00ea. B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7n Gallup c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng 84 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 th\u00edch th\u00e1o g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00e1y m\u00f3c \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi v\u1ecdng g\u00ec h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c.[iii]<\/a><\/p>\n Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hay th\u00e1o b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng.” Ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1eebng can thi\u1ec7p y t\u1ebf hay c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eebng v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y hay v\u00e0i gi\u1edd, v\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tu\u00e2n theo vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr hay li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n nh\u1eb1m ch\u1eefa cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i hay ng\u1eaft b\u1ecf m\u00e1y m\u00f3c tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c tim. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au n\u00e0y c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra khi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5 ph\u00e1t sinh s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra ch\u1ebft. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh ung th\u01b0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9 ph\u1ed5i m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ch\u1ebft c\u00f2n an b\u00ecnh, \u00edt \u0111au v\u00e0 \u00edt k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng cho h\u1ecd th\u00ec sao? B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, li\u1ec7u h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Kalu \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh hay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1ch ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ed5, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi sinh linh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t… Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac kh\u1ed5. Do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trung ho\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 h\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta ng\u1eaft b\u1ecf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng? \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Kalu n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch theo c\u00e1ch thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m, cho d\u00f9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u hay ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e1o d\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, v\u00ec b\u1ea3n n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecd, “N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ee3 s\u1ed1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu m\u00ecnh th\u00e1o ch\u00fang ra, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft.” H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec7p tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh.[iv]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n CH\u1eccN CH\u1ebeT<\/p>\n C\u0169ng n\u0103m 1990 cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n Gallup \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1eb1ng 66 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m d\u00e2n M\u0129 tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong \u0111au nhi\u1ec1u, “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hi v\u1ecdng c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n,” ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 lan, m\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecd ch\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn k\u0129 c\u00e0ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai. \u1ede M\u0129 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 cho quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n r\u1ea5t ch\u1ea1y khi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 t\u1eed cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 “ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au t\u00edch c\u1ef1c” hay “gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft.”<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p? Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb g\u00e1n nh\u00e3n l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t \u0111au, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft cho d\u00f9 \u0111au c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n d\u00e0i h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft, hay ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cao h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt s\u1eafp ban h\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au, Elisabeth Kubler-Ross tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng bu\u1ed3n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean d\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1eafng nghe h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y.”[v]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ee5t h\u1eabng b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed b\u1edfi \u1ed1m ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1edfi \u0111au v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o cung c\u1ea5p cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi chu \u0111\u1ef1ng, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 cho n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ea1t lai l\u1ea1t ma ch\u1ec9 ra:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 do nghi\u1ec7p ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o trong ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y hay kh\u00e1c, tr\u1eeb phi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft n\u00f3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f3, n\u00ean xem x\u00e9t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u1ec7p trong ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, so v\u1edbi con v\u1eadt b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Theo gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i, \u0111au v\u00e0 s\u1ee3; cung c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u s\u1ebd cho vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a. B\u00e0 Cicely Saunders, s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft St. Christopher \u1edf Lu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4n n\u00f3i: “N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.” B\u00e0 \u1ea5y tranh c\u00e3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian, c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ebft. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n mang n\u1ee3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 \u0111i n\u1ed7i \u0111au cho h\u1ecd, n\u1ed7i \u0111au \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1i b\u1eaby c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i v\u00e0 cay \u0111\u1eafng. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ebft h\u1ecd… Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ra lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111au [t\u00edch c\u1ef1c] l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00f4 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft.[vi]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI KH\u00c1C<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0i nhi b\u1ecb s\u1ea3y thai, hay ch\u1ebft y\u1ec3u? B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi sinh, v\u00e0o l\u00fac sinh ho\u1eb7c h\u00e3y c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb th\u01a1 s\u1ebd l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung \u1ea5m, v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. C\u00f9ng c\u00e1c tu luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft: tu luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1eadt ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1t \u0110o\u1ea3, c\u00fang \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ebfn, l\u00e0m thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft tro, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3y thai, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng tu luy\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u00e2n h\u1eadn, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1 l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i, xin tha th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh tu luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e1t \u0110o\u1ea3. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00fang \u0111\u00e8n n\u1ebfn, ph\u00f3ng sinh, hay gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o hay t\u00e2m linh, d\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f3 cho s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 t\u1eed?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n theo nghi\u1ec7p x\u1ea5u, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n \u00e1c s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i tu luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0 l\u1ec5 l\u1eeda hay c\u00e1c nghi l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u1ef1 do cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 n\u00ean hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh khi ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng? \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u1eaft b\u1ecf trong khi m\u00e1u v\u1eabn tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n hay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebft ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t? Li\u1ec7u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i hay g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb bi \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Cho n\u00ean, ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ch\u1ebft, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i theo b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111ang r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t. M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 \u0111au n\u00e0o m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i qua trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc sao l\u00e3ng, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: “N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft trong v\u00e0i kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t \u01b0\u1edbc mu\u1ed1n cho b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1edbi t\u1eeb bi, \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tim ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1eadp.”<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh th\u00ec sao? Khi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 hay ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac y h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec sao?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o l\u1ea1i th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa sau khi c\u00e1i x\u00e1c n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e0i b\u1eaby cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00e0ng th\u00eam g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch bi th\u1ea3m, v\u00e0 do v\u1eady l\u00e0m k\u1ebft t\u1eadp th\u00eam kh\u1ed5 bao la v\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i sinh. M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y so s\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f4ng l\u1ea1nh thi th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 \u0111i th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ng\u1ee5c l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i trung \u1ea5m.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec cho b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 gi\u00e0, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3o suy hay l\u1ea9m c\u1ea9m?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1edbi m\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00edch l\u1ee3i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, nh\u01b0ng tu luy\u1ec7n y\u00ean t\u0129nh hay nh\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1eadt ch\u00fa hay danh x\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0 ph\u1eadt trong s\u1ef1 di\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap \u00edch. \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Kalu gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea1n d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh gieo h\u1ea1t m\u1ea7m. Kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u1ecb tha c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea7u h\u1ea1 cho b\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng may c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fac n\u00e0y… K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 con l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh. Nhi\u1ec1u \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y n\u1edf \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 vi t\u1ebf b\u1edfi m\u1ed1i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n t\u1eeb bi, s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tu luy\u1ec7n t\u00e2m linh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec \u00edch l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sinh linh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang ta.[vii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u201cS\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\u201d, Ph\u1ee5 l\u1ee5c 2 C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft<\/p>\n [i]<\/a> T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1t lai l\u1ea1t ma, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Dilgo Khyentse, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00edch d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i hi v\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n [ii]<\/a> Melvin Morse, Closer to the Light (New York: Villard Books, 1990), 72.<\/p>\n [iii]<\/a> Gallup poll cited in Newsweek, August 26, 1991, p. 41.<\/p>\n [iv]<\/a> Kalu Rinpoche, The Gem Ornament (Ithaca, NY Snow Hon, 1986), 194.<\/p>\n [v]<\/a> In Elisabeth K\u00fcbler-Ross, Questions on Death and Dying (New York: Macmillan, 1974), 84.<\/p>\n