CH\u00daNG TA \u0110\u00c3 TR\u1ede N\u00caN r\u1ea5t quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i sau m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft hay ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng. Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong m\u1ecdi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng huy\u1ec1n m\u00f4n, do c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 Plato, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Gregory v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u1ea7y Sufi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, Tolstoy v\u00e0 Jung. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u00f4i th\u00edch h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n do m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh, th\u1ea7y tu Bede, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m.<\/p>\n
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V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y, ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a, \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Anh. V\u00ec, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i d\u1eady vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ebft t\u00e2m linh, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 quay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u cao qu\u00ed m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trong ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tm tt. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n Northumbrians, t\u00ean l\u00e0 Cunningham, s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb \u1ed1m v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam cho t\u1edbi khi x\u1ea3y ra nguy k\u1ecbch, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00eam, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u1ea3ng s\u00e1ng, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang kh\u00f3c than xung quanh x\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u1ea5y; m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ea1y bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau \u00f4ng \u1ea5y h\u01a1n h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y, run c\u1ea7m c\u1eadp v\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng tr\u1ea5n an v\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: “\u0110\u1eebng s\u1ee3, v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nanh vu\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb nay t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.”.. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf m\u1ecdi tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m tr\u1ea7n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u00e0o tu vi\u1ec7n Melrose…<\/p>\n
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Bede ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n
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\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u00f4ng \u1ea5y hay k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y: “M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p trai trong b\u1ed9 \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng s\u00e1ng m\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i trong y\u00ean l\u1eb7ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eafc. Khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t thung l\u0169ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u00e2u v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00f4 t\u1eadn… Anh ta mang t\u00f4i ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u00e1ng trong tr\u1ebbo, v\u00e0 khi anh ta d\u1eabn t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 cao v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi h\u01b0\u1edbng. V\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 c\u1eeda ra v\u00e0o, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 hay l\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u00e0o trong n\u00f3, t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i l\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1edbi n\u00f3, ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c – t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o – ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00ean trong b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i c\u1ecf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tho\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3ng… \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ban ng\u00e0y hay tia s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i tr\u01b0a…<\/p>\n
“(Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn n\u00f3i) ‘B\u00e2y gi\u1edd anh ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 anh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa; nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu anh c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a anh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1eef l\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, th\u1ebf th\u00ec khi anh ch\u1ebft, anh s\u1ebd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 cho nh\u1eefng linh h\u1ed3n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y. V\u00ec, khi t\u00f4i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi anh m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a anh s\u1ebd th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.’ Khi anh ta n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00e0y t\u00f4i h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i; v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 ngay l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.”<\/p>\n
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Bede k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n
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Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i\u1ec1u kia anh ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ai kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m hay s\u1ed1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi … s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ghi t\u1ea1c l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y trong tim v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00eam trong t\u00ednh linh thi\u00eang.[i]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n K\u0129 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ee9ng th\u00fa v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed; nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb “ch\u1ebft,” ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, sau c\u00e1c tai n\u1ea1n, \u0111au tim hay c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o, hay trong m\u1ed5 hay trong chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn. Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc. Theo cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n Gallup c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1982, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u0129 – t\u1edbi 8 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 – \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed.[ii]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00f5i trung \u1ea5m, m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu chung cho c\u00e1c pha kh\u00e1c nhau trong tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, \u201ckinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u00f5i,\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec3 \u0111i k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 \u0111au v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft; h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean khoan dung v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau h\u01a1n; h\u1ecd tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan t\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e2m linh, “con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ed hu\u1ec7,” v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2m linh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n Th\u1ebf th\u00ec tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc S\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft<\/em>, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c trung \u1ea5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n d\u1ea1y theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng. M\u1edbi tho\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 song song t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 trung \u1ea5m? T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1ed0I T\u0102M V\u00c0 \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG H\u1ea6M<\/p>\n Pha cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tan r\u00e3 c\u1ee7a trung \u1ea5m ch\u1ebft, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1edb, l\u00e0 v\u00e0o l\u00fac kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111en t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a “vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7” b\u1eebng l\u00ean “nh\u01b0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng b\u1ecb li\u1ec7m trong t\u1ed1i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.” T\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ph\u00fac l\u00e0nh v\u00e0 vui v\u1ebb. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed l\u00e0 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng di chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi “t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp” v\u00e0 “c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u00f4 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng” qua m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111en k\u1ecbt, “m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111en to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, an b\u00ecnh, di\u1ec7u k\u00ec,” v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t “\u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m t\u1ed1i, d\u00e0i.”<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Kenneth Ring: “N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u00e0 n\u00f3 an b\u00ecnh l\u00e0m sao – n\u00f3 d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n c\u1ee9 mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111en, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y g\u00ec h\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m… m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m t\u1ed1i \u0111en k\u1ecbt. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. G\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u01a1 l\u1eedng trong kh\u00f4ng trung.”[iii]<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 kh\u00e1c n\u00f3i cho \u00f4ng \u1ea5y:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i nh\u1edb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea9y \u00ec \u1ea7m, r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn… Kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. C\u00e1i g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi n\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng l\u1ed1c xo\u00e1y – m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n gi\u00f3 th\u1ed1c ra r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i \u0111i. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i b\u1ecb l\u00f4i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng.[iv]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Margot Grey:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00f4i \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng gian b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111en \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1ecb k\u00e9o \u0111i h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i m\u1edf t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 \u1edf \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i m\u1edf \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u01a1, m\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u01a1.[v]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n \u00c1NH S\u00c1NG<\/p>\n V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ch\u1ebft, Ch\u00f3i s\u00e1ng N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng hay \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eebng l\u00ean trong m\u1ecdi v\u1ebb r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. S\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft<\/em> n\u00f3i: “H\u1ee1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9… Rigpa c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00f3i s\u00e1ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi v\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 to\u1ea3 s\u00e1ng bao la; v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i sinh hay t\u1eed, th\u1ef1c ra \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt B\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn Quang.”<\/p>\n Melvin Morse, ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: “G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb em (v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn) c\u00f3 trong n\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed, sau khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ra ngo\u00e0i th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 hay \u0111i qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m.”[vi]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng do Margot Grey b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i ra m\u00e3i xa, m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i n\u00e0o \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, v\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng tr\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 \u1edf xa qu\u00e1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn l\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 trong kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i sao, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c quan b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y \u1edf cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m. B\u1ea1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1m s\u00e1ng nh\u1ecf n\u00e0y v\u00ec khi b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea1n \u0111o\u00e1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, khi b\u1ea1n \u0111i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c cao, n\u00f3 m\u1ed7i l\u00fac m\u1ed9t r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh suy t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u00fat. Khi b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ef1c k\u00ec r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 cu\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m \u1edf ph\u00eda sau b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng xanh tr\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd huy ho\u00e0ng. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf, s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u00e0m m\u00f9 b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1i m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.[vii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u2013 v\u00e2ng, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed1i, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7… V\u00e2ng, b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea7ng s\u00e1ng l\u1edbn chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n s\u00e1ng tr\u1eeb phi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng bao tr\u00f2n quanh ta. Nh\u01b0ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, b\u1ea1n \u1edf trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng[viii]<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi v\u1edbi Kenneth Ring, “N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng. N\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 ch\u1ee5p hay c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc \u0111\u00e8n. B\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ee5p l\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. N\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng an b\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ee3 g\u00ec n\u1eefa. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ea3.”[ix]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Margot Grey: “\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y s\u00e1ng h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3. T\u00f4i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u00f9 m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i m\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u00fat n\u00e0o.”<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f2n k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111i thng v\u00e0o trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c h\u1ecd c\u00f3: “T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi n\u00f3.”[x]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed5 trong hai ng\u00e0y n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Margot Grey: “Ch\u1ec9 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y. Th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1edbi ph\u00fac l\u1ea1c. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eafm m\u00ecnh trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ea1ng ng\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm v\u00e0o trong h\u00e0o quang c\u1ea7u v\u1ed3ng. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed9n l\u1eabn. \u00c2m thanh thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, h\u00e0i ho\u00e0, v\u00f4 danh (b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c).”[xi]<\/a><\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111i v\u00e0o \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 sau \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ch\u00fang, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau t\u1eebng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t. C\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt theo ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh m\u00e0 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao ti\u1ebfp. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ec1 k\u00edch c\u1ee1 n\u00f3 bao ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 bao tr\u00f9m to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao b\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f3ng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng th\u1ea7n giao c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3m, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u nghi ng\u1edd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 “Th\u1ea3nh th\u01a1i \u0111i, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 \u1ed5n tho\u1ea3, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3.” T\u00f4i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 n\u1ebfu ai \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n: “\u1ed4n r\u1ed3i, anh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i s\u1ee3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111au \u0111\u00e2u\/ n\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn th\u1ebf.” – b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tin c\u1eady h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m, m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y \u1ea5m \u00e1p nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c. B\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 b\u1ea1n hay c\u1ee7a con b\u1ea1n hay t\u00ecnh y\u00eau d\u1ee5c. Cho d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh n\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u00e0y.[xii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng b\u1ecb g\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i :<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o trong. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua khi t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00f4 t\u1eadn kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a an b\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng n\u1ebfu so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng coi ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ecdi c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, m\u1ecdi ngh\u0129a cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u1edf m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7.”[xiii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Melvin Morse \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb con, v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang: “Ch\u00e1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 cho b\u00e1c. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e8o l\u00ean c\u1ea7u thang l\u00ean tr\u1eddi.” “Ch\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3. Qu\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u, qu\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Ch\u00e1u ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3.” “C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p tuy\u1ec7t tr\u1ea7n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh trong n\u00f3. Trong m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n ch\u00e1u v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng lo\u00e9 s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9.” “Khi ch\u00e1u t\u1ec9nh kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1n m\u00ea trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, ch\u00e1u m\u1edf m\u1eaft ra v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y t\u1eebng m\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. Ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.”[xiv]<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u201cS\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\u201d, Ch.20 Tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1eadn t\u1eed: c\u1ea7u thang l\u00ean tr\u1eddi<\/p>\n [i]<\/a> Bede, A History of the English Church and People, translated by Leo Sherley-Price (Harmondsworth, England: Penguin Books 1968), 420-21.<\/p>\n [ii]<\/a> In George Gallup Jr., with William Proctor, Adventures in Immortality: A Lock Beyond the Threshold of Death (London: Souvenir, 1983).<\/p>\n [iii]<\/a> Kenneth Ring, Life at Death: A Scientific Investigation of the NearDeath Experience (New York: Quill, 1982), 55<\/p>\n [iv]<\/a> Ring, Life at Death, 63.<\/p>\n [v]<\/a> Margot Grey, Return from Death: An Exploration of the Near-Death Experience (Boston and London: Arkana, 1985), 42.<\/p>\n [vi]<\/a> Melvin Morse, Closer to the Light: Learning from Children’s NearDeath Experiences (New York: Villard, 1990), 115.<\/p>\n [vii]<\/a> Grey, Return from Death, 47.<\/p>\n [viii]<\/a> Michael Sabom, Recollections of Death: A Medical Investigation of the Near-Death Experience (London: Corgi, 1982), 66.<\/p>\n [ix]<\/a> Ring, Life at Death, 59.<\/p>\n [x]<\/a> Grey, Return from Death, 46.<\/p>\n [xi]<\/a> Grey, Return from Death, 33.<\/p>\n [xii]<\/a> Grey, Return from Death, 53.<\/p>\n\n