TH\u00d4NG \u0110I\u1ec6P C\u1ee6A V\u00d4 TH\u01af\u1edcNG: \u0110I\u1ec0U HI V\u1eccNG C\u00d3 \u0110\u00d3 L\u00c0 TRONG CH\u1ebeT<\/p>\n
V\u1eabn nh\u00ecn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o trong v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a hi v\u1ecdng l\u1edbn, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m m\u1edf m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n t\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng,\u201d \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ee5 \u00fd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu; v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp nh\u01b0ng li\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi bao la \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ec7t t\u1eeb h\u1eb1ng h\u00e0 sa s\u1ed1 vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc l\u00f3ng l\u00e1nh, t\u1eebng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t. T\u1eebng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 m\u1ecdi vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u00e0y v\u00e0, th\u1ef1c ra, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u00f3ng trong bi\u1ec3n. Nh\u00ecn theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 sinh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1eed. Nh\u00ecn theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc,”tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng” b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0ng “\u0111\u1ea7y” n\u01b0\u1edbc. Cho n\u00ean khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 s\u00f3ng, b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1edfi gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u00f3ng c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 h\u1eefu<\/em> c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang n\u00f3 khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o n\u00f3, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng.” Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y m\u00e0 xem. Khi b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u1eadt x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t; v\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng khi b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn k\u0129 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng chung cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Khi b\u1ea1n suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 tan bi\u1ebfn trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ef1c k\u00ec tinh t\u1ebf c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 tr\u1ea3i kh\u1eafp v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. M\u01b0a r\u01a1i l\u00ean l\u00e1, gi\u00f3 \u0111ung \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea5t nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho n\u00f3, m\u1ecdi m\u00f9a v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft, \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng v\u00e0 \u00e1nh sao v\u00e0 \u00e1nh m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi – t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y n\u00e0y. Khi b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngh\u0129 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 gi\u00fap l\u00e0m cho c\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1eady; r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m c\u00f4 l\u1eadp v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c; v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i vi t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta ng\u1ee5 \u00fd khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n Khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00f3i cho ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e1y c\u00e2y trong khu r\u1eebng m\u01b0a Amazon l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u1edf Paris th\u1edf, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c rung rinh \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh con b\u01b0\u1edbm t\u1ea1i Yucatan \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y d\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ec9 \u1edf Hebrides. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9 ra v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u di\u1ec7u k\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a gen, c\u00e1i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u0169 tr\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng t\u1eebng c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc” \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c xo\u1eafn c\u00e1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c nhau. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3i kh\u1eafp v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u1ecdi h\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Cho n\u00ean khi ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 xung quanh ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta coi l\u00e0 r\u1eafn ch\u1eafn th\u1ebf, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u01a1. Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n \u1ea2o t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i m\u00e2y<\/p>\n M\u01a1, \u1ea3o \u1ea3nh,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 tr\u0103ng tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi s\u00e1ng<\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean h\u1ed3 trong<\/p>\n M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u v\u1edbi h\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3 tr\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd chuy\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t<\/p>\n T\u1eeb nh\u1ea1c, \u00e2m thanh v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3c,<\/p>\n V\u1eady m\u00e0 trong ti\u1ebfng v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 giai \u0111i\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bi\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 \u1ea3o thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng<\/p>\n v\u1ec1 ng\u1ef1a, b\u00f2, xe v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c,<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n.[i]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1a m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng, v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng hay cay \u0111\u1eafng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf ra trong ch\u00fang ta s\u1ef1 h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed3ng \u1ea5m, t\u1eeb bi d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng Milarepa \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: “Th\u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, c\u00f3 t\u1eeb bi.” Khi th\u00f4ng qua suy ng\u1eabm ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, th\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n ra trong \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1, t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i t\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh hay ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd n\u1eefa n\u1eefa, v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 khuy\u00ean:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn ra ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1a m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thu nh\u1ecf g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u00e0 gh\u00e9t b\u1ecf. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t b\u1ee5ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi sinh linh. L\u00e0 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u1eeb bi, d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m g\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd l\u00e0m s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u01a1. B\u00ed quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong m\u01a1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u00e2m linh th\u1ef1c.[ii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u00ednh t\u00e2m linh th\u1ef1c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta li\u00ean thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. N\u00e9m m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n s\u1ecfi v\u00e0o ao. N\u00f3 to\u1ea3 ra nhi\u1ec1u s\u00f3ng lan to\u1ea3 kh\u1eafp m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc. G\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra g\u1ee3n s\u00f3ng m\u1edbi. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau: Ch\u00fang ta \u0111i t\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m, n\u00f3i hay ngh\u0129, th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u0110\u1ea1t lai L\u1ea1t ma \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng thu\u1ed9c cao \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u1eabn nhau. Do \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t … Ch\u00ednh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, l\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 qu\u00ed tr\u1ecdng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng.[iii]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea4T BI\u1ebeN<\/p>\n V\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 cho ch\u00fang ta nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00e2n l\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 kho b\u00e1u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kho b\u00e1u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u1eb1m \u1ea9n k\u00edn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ra, v\u1eady m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y Rainer Maria Rilke \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 s\u00e2u k\u00edn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 con r\u1ed3ng g\u00e1c kho b\u00e1u s\u00e2u k\u00edn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.[iv]<\/a> N\u1ed7i s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c d\u1eady trong ch\u00fang ta, r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e3i, ch\u00fang ta \u0111i t\u1edbi kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi h\u1ecfi: N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u1ebft \u0111i v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e1c d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u0169 \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra? Th\u1ef1c ra, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o, c\u00e1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i qua \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c cho ph\u00e9p nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m ra vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. V\u1edbi suy ng\u1eabm v\u00e0 tu luy\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong vi\u1ec7c bu\u00f4ng b\u1ecf, ch\u00fang ta \u0111i t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9 ra trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta “c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3” m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean hay m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hay quan ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3” m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn ra n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1eb1ng sau m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nh\u1eefng ham mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 sao l\u00e3ng h\u1eb9p m\u00e0 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft \u00e1n ch\u00fang ta, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0 r\u01a1i \u0111i.<\/p>\n Khi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra ch\u00fang ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng qua \u1ea5m \u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd l\u1edbn lao \u0111\u1eb1ng sau ch\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u1ec1 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bay trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y \u0111en v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n, th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean m\u00e1y bay bay v\u00fat l\u00ean tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111i v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong s\u00e1ng v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee9ng kh\u1edfi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea5n ch\u1ea5n b\u1edfi vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed5i l\u00ean n\u00e0y v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do, ch\u00fang ta \u0111i t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t l\u1ed9 ra chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a an b\u00ecnh, ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ea7n trong ch\u00fang ta s\u1ef1 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng trong ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 “c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3” m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Milarepa \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Trong khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebft, ta ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o n\u00fai<\/p>\n Ta thi\u1ec1n l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a gi\u1edd ch\u1ebft,<\/p>\n Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh t\u00e2m tr\u00ed b\u1ea5t t\u1eed b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn<\/p>\n Gi\u1edd m\u1ecdi s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 qua v\u00e0 h\u1ebft.[v]<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i, ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n t\u1ef1a tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u Milarepa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/em> b\u1ea5t t\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn. V\u00e0 khi nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft m\u1edbi n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u Upanishads g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “vi\u1ec7c quay v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c,\u201d kh\u1ea3i l\u1ed9 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00f4 quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec k\u00e9m h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, vi\u1ec7c sinh m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c sinh.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1eb9p l\u00e0m sao v\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 t\u1eeb suy ng\u1eabm, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n l\u00ed thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u00fang ta d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u00ecm ra b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang ta m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, trong bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 vui s\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, v\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh t\u00e2m tr\u00ed<\/em> b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u201cS\u00e1ch T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\u201d, Ch.3<\/p>\n <\/p>\n [i]<\/a> In the Samadhirajasutra, quoted in Ancient Futures: Learning from Ladakh, Helena Norbert-Hodge (London: Rider, 1991), 72.<\/p>\n [ii]<\/a> Chagdud Tulku Rinpoche, Life in Relation to Death (Cottage Grove, OR: Padma Publishing, 1987), 28.<\/p>\n [iii]<\/a> His Holiness the Dalai Lama, A Policy of Kindness: An Anthology of Writings by and about the Dalai Lama (Ithaca, NY: Snow Lion, 1990), 113-14.<\/p>\n