\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang, b\u1edfi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ho\u1eb7c n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang qua ba c\u1eeda s\u1ed5: b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tho\u00e1ng nh\u00ecn ho\u1eb7c qua m\u0129 (c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p) ho\u1eb7c qua ch\u00e2n (ch\u00e2n l\u00ed) ho\u1eb7c qua thi\u1ec7n. Ba chi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Khung n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta trao cho; b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khung. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i khung bao quanh b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khung quanh n\u00f3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 cho n\u00f3 c\u00e1i khung. Theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, m\u0129, ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn tho\u00e1ng v\u00e0o trong \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n
Nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb chia th\u00e0nh ba t\u1ea7ng. N\u1ebfu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i, th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n (ch\u00e2n l\u00ed). C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ch\u00e2n l\u00ed, khung ch\u00e2n l\u00ed. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m tr\u00ed mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 qua tim – th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u0129 (c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p). Ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u01a1 ca \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n cho. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 khung duy nh\u1ea5t. Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 cho n\u00f3 c\u00e1i khung v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n; c\u1ea3m x\u00fac cho n\u00f3 c\u00e1i khung v\u1ec1 m\u0129. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 – n\u1ebfu h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i – th\u1ebf th\u00ec khung n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta d\u00f9ng ba thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y cho \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Bhakti yoga ng\u1ee5 \u00fd c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a s\u00f9ng k\u00ednh v\u00e0 d\u00e0nh cho ki\u1ec3u c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u0129. Jnana yoga l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n. V\u00e0 karma yoga l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb \u2018God-Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf’ b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb t\u1eeb \u2018good-thi\u1ec7n’. T\u1eeb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn v\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 hay c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 chi ph\u1ed1i. R\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac. \u0110a s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf. Qua h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh “the good-c\u00e1i thi\u1ec7n.”<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i n\u1eefa, cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf th\u00ec qu\u1ec9 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u00e1c. T\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn qu\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u00e1c; t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ea3m x\u00fac s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn qu\u1ec9 l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u; v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn qu\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c, \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng, c\u00e1i gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
Ba \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00e2n, thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u0129, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng khung quanh \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0, trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khung. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. N\u1ebfu t\u00e2m tr\u00ed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang qua b\u1ea5t k\u00ec chi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 n\u00e0o, th\u1ebf th\u00ec chi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y. N\u1ebfu con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u0129, \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n. T\u00ednh thi\u00eang li\u00eang s\u1ebd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecdn ra, ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft li\u1ec7u con v\u1eadt c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u00fat n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn: ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang theo c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, ch\u00fang s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 theo c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta. Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00fang c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t cho ch\u00fang ta. Khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m sao b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p. Ch\u00ednh quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m tr\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd c\u00e1i g\u00ec ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00e2n l\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p; m\u1ecdi c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. V\u1edbi nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, v\u1edbi ho\u1ea1 s\u0129, v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi theo tim, ch\u00e2n l\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 b\u1ecb l\u1ed9t tr\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00e0 t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m th\u1ebf v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang l\u1ebb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1edfi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n trong c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u1ea1n; Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ng\u00e0i qua ba c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 n\u00e0y, theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
C\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t l\u00ean tr\u00ean ba chi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. \u1ede \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb cho c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 turiya, c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ec3u t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac kh\u00f4ng mang t\u00ednh h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1eddi qua b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u1eeda s\u1ed1 n\u00e0o. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ra kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu, kh\u00f4ng khung.<\/p>\n
Duy nh\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3u t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ba ki\u1ec3u kia. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u trong c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u kia, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong m\u0129, ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 thi\u1ec7n. Duy nh\u1ea5t ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 dung th\u1ee9. Ba ki\u1ec3u kia bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00e3i nhau.<\/p>\n
M\u1ecdi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t trong ba ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u00e3i v\u00e3. Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee9 t\u01b0. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i, “To\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. C\u00e1c \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e3i v\u00e3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang; c\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111ang c\u00e3i nhau v\u1ec1 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u00f4ng. B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 n\u00e0o.”<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn! N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 phi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t, nirguna. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ph\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 qua c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. Khi ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn ra ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 bao la th\u1ebf, v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1ecdi l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c; m\u1ecdi l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf trong ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n im l\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb ba ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 m\u00e0 n\u00f3i ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ng\u1edb ng\u1ea9n, phi logic, phi l\u00ed. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh. Qua m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3; ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Wittgenstein \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i. V\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong c\u00e1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ch\u00fang ta bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 gh\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tham chi\u1ebfu t\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, duy nh\u1ea5t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ng\u1ee5 \u00fd bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. \u0110i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 c\u00e1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, cho n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c.” \u0110i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 phi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a.<\/p>\n
Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed. V\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u00f4 m\u1ea7u b\u1edfi c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ecdi th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn; h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec. D\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Jesus, Ph\u1eadt, Mahavira hay Krishna, kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec; h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ec9 ra c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 – m\u1ed7i ng\u00f3n tay ch\u1ec9 tr\u0103ng.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi ng\u00f3n tay. Ng\u00f3n tay l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a; n\u00f3 \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 t\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft gi\u1eef m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y tr\u0103ng, ng\u00f3n tay ph\u1ea3i tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1ecb qu\u00ean \u0111i.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t khi c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. B\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn n\u00e0y, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3, l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00ed. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7. Ng\u00f3n tay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u0103ng; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1c nhau. Tr\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi ng\u00f3n tay, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y ng\u00f3n tay. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kinh Th\u00e1nh<\/em>, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gita<\/em>, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 hu\u1ef7. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 phi t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, ph\u1ea3n t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n B\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang qua t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4 m\u1ea7u b\u1edfi n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi chen v\u00e0o; n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng, h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec xu h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 theo c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t – th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft t\u00ednh phi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta trao cho \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00fang ta \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00fang l\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Th\u1ea7y \u0111ang n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi sao?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e2ng. Nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn ch\u00fat n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u1eeb trong ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edf c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. B\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb \u0111i qua v\u00e0 b\u1ecb si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u1ed9t khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u1edf trong b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi – cho t\u1edbi khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta quay l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o trong ph\u00f2ng. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i t\u1edbi…<\/p>\n <\/p>\n V\u00e2ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o khung, c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea1o khung, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m. M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n, c\u00e1i v\u00f4 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. Bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. Bi\u1ebft y\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 y\u00eau; bi\u1ebft l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n; bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra; vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u1ea3 ba c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng. T\u1eebng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 s\u1ebd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 v\u1eady. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i; b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u1ea3m x\u00fac, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111i ra v\u00e0 t\u1edbi qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c; ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng v\u1edbi ch\u00fang. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i lang thang sang c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 \u1edf b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n; m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 Ramakrishna ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lang thang sang c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y qua ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tu\u1ef3 \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn qua c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u00ecn.<\/p>\n V\u00e0 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u. Bi\u1ebft b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy h\u1ecfi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f2 m\u00f2. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn qua c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 lang thang v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng lang thang. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi m\u1edf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c; ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u1edf t\u1edbi c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u. Cho n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i. T\u00e2m tr\u00ed gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u1eeda s\u1ed5; t\u00e2m tr\u00ed t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i n\u00f3.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i lang thang; ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i sang c\u00e1c c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. C\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n c\u1eeda s\u1ed5. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u ch\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 duy nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 cho m\u1ecdi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, cho t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3. Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u thi\u00eang li\u00eang t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 t\u1eebng c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n, gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i c\u00f3 v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n. T\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1o ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 Ki t\u00f4 gi\u00e1o kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Hindu gi\u00e1o.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3, qua ch\u00fang b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, qua ch\u00fang b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eady.<\/p>\n Khi b\u1ea1n t\u1edbi d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi – ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi b\u00ean trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0. M\u1ed9t khi ch\u00fang ta b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c. Ngay c\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 r\u00e0o ch\u1eafn v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi; n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n chia b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra v\u1ebb b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n chia – r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi trong nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n – nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec s\u00f3ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd quay l\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong nh\u00e0 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n T\u1eeb \u201cT\u00e2m l\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n\u201d, ch.10<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Thay v\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2857,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[105],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cac-khai-niem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2856"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2858,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2856\/revisions\/2858"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2857"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}