\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tri\u1ebft l\u00ed.<\/p>\n
C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u1ea3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang cho m\u1ecdi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n
Theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00ed trong ch\u00fang ta, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 trong b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, theo c\u00f9ng t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed – n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi, kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t, \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00e0 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean th\u00e2n-t\u00e2m – th\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, t\u1ef1 do. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ng\u1ee5 \u00fd t\u1ef1 do; v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ng\u1ee5 \u00fd n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Cho n\u00ean tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i, “T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3,” th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng tin v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Cho n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. Nh\u01b0ng d\u1ea7u v\u1eady, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 do. Cho n\u00ean ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m linh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1edbi khi b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ebf th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. V\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t ng\u1ee5 \u00fd c\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea3y trong chu\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t khi ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1edf ngo\u00e0i c\u00f5i nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng t\u1eebng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc; s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nguy\u00ean t\u1eed.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i t\u1ef1a d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. T\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n
Skinner n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t minh ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi, Skinner l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang, v\u00ec h\u1ecd to\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chung cu\u1ed9c. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong h\u1ecd m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng Ph\u1eadt n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. N\u1ebfu cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, n\u1ebfu cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u00ed thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Skinner s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1ebf th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n
To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hay t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y h\u01b0\u1edbng ra ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Hay b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ean trong? \u0110\u1eebng cho b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m s\u1eb5n. \u0110\u1eebng n\u00f3i, “T\u00f4i l\u00e0 h\u1ed3n.” N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c b\u00ean trong b\u1ea1n, th\u1ebf th\u00ec c\u1ee9 th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i. Th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do b\u00ean trong c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ph\u00eda b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i,ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c trao cho b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao b\u1ea1n s\u1ee3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u1ebf – v\u00ec h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1i ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u00ec kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o. C\u00e1i ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n, \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho b\u1ea1n b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, v\u1eady c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u1edf b\u00ean trong? B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, c\u00e1i t\u1edbi t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Tr\u1edf n\u00ean nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc s\u1ebd t\u1edbi khi c\u00e1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u1edf trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i chuy\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u00ean trong, c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ee3 ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf, s\u1ee3 l\u00e0 tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ch\u00fang ta b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111i ra v\u00e0 b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u1edf trong ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 thi\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ee7 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y, to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1edbm t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng quay v\u00e0o trong.<\/p>\n
Khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb g\u1eafn v\u00e0o t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n quay v\u00e0o trong. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ngh\u0129 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 v\u1eady. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. Hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do; kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00f3. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ef1 do. Kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. A \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng cho B \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3; B t\u1ea1o ra t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3 C n\u1edf hoa. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00f4 thu\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1edbi chung cu\u1ed9c v\u00f4 chung. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra b\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, m\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u1edf hoa trong b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, cho n\u00ean h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 b\u1ee9c tranh. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Marx \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, “Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00ednh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea1o ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.” V\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n
To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ra c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u00e0y trong b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a\u00a0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh s\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i b\u1ea1n; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qua b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u1ea3y ra trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng khi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf n\u00ean ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. B\u1ea5t k\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. N\u00f3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n
Skinner n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef c\u1ed5, “B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn ng\u1ef1a t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 u\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc,” l\u00e0 sai. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p n\u00f3 u\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u1ef1a s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i u\u1ed1ng. Ng\u1ef1a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c, v\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, b\u1edfi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh. Nh\u01b0ng cho d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt t\u1edbi song, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u00e9p \u00f4ng \u1ea5y u\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng \u00e9p \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3ng n\u00e0o s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho \u00f4ng \u1ea5y u\u1ed1ng. Cho d\u00f9 h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi chi\u1ebfu l\u00ean \u00f4ng \u1ea5y c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap g\u00ec. Ph\u1eadt c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c; n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec, m\u1ecdi kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n
Th\u00f3i quen c\u00f3 t\u00ednh m\u00e1y m\u00f3c; ch\u00fang l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ch\u00fang. B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f5 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n; vi\u1ec7c g\u00f5 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c. Cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c g\u00f5 m\u00e1y v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u0111ang g\u00f5; ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea7n. T\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. V\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. M\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m l\u1ed7i . \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ea1m l\u1ed7i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
Cho n\u00ean h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Th\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u1ea5u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; th\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Sinh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n; m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ph\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i, “Cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3.” \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u00fd th\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc sang kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng; n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng t\u0129nh t\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. N\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng; n\u00f3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1edbi, t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn, tr\u1ebb trung. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i nh\u1edb t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n Thi\u1ec1n….<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t Thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau th\u1ea7y h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c c\u00f9ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00f3i, “Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y h\u00f4m qua r\u1ed3i.”<\/p>\n
Th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i, “Gi\u1edd ta \u0111ang h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5y.” \u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00e0y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i, “\u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft!”<\/p>\n
\u0110\u1ec7 t\u1eed n\u00e0y n\u00f3i, “Nh\u01b0ng h\u00f4m qua t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ed3. Cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. Sao th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd b\u00e2y gi\u1edd?”<\/p>\n
Th\u1ea7y n\u00f3i, “B\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng t\u1edbi t\u1eeb \u00f4ng. C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb k\u00ed \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c v\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ta kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y h\u00f4m qua. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9. Ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 xem li\u1ec7u \u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i.”<\/p>\n
B\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e0ng \u00edt l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i. Ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Vi\u1ec7c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf; s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do. T\u1ef1 do kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n. Nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1i g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/p>\n
Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n ch\u1ec9 trong t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3; ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau; kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ecf ra. Kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc ti\u1ebfp h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1i t\u1eafn. T\u00e2m th\u1ee9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u1ea3y sinh, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eebng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong t\u1ef1 do ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00ed do t\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 v\u00e0o b\u1ea1n, li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c, hay li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch lu\u1ef9, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u00e2n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o cho t\u1ef1 do v\u00ec t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o cho t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c. Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3: n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho, c\u00e1i kia x\u1ea3y ra – th\u1ebf th\u00ec m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y k\u1ebft th\u00fac, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch. Th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1. Th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ebd t\u1edbi t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00e2m l\u00ed. H\u1ecd s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. V\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u00e0m cho c\u01b0 x\u1eed theo c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta v\u1eady, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hindu; ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00f4 ha m\u00e9t gi\u00e1o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 do. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh; x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ai \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 ai \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 k\u0129 s\u01b0. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n
Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean thu\u1ef7. Nh\u1eefng k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi h\u01a1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ra h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed3n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a h\u1ed3n l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qua ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3. N\u1ebfu r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh x\u1eed kh\u00e1c \u0111i. Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c cho n\u00ean b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh x\u1eed kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0o m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, k\u0129 thu\u1eadt m\u1eadt t\u00f4ng t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 cho u\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00fd th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00fd th\u1ee9c khi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c, ch\u1ec9 th\u1ebf m\u1eadt t\u00f4ng s\u1ebd n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed9, b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 g\u00ec? N\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c, th\u1ebf th\u00ec ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Th\u1ebf th\u00ec thu\u1ed1c ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam l\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. M\u1eadt t\u00f4ng n\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u00fd th\u1ee9c. Ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch th\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
D\u1ee5c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hooc m\u00f4n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1o ra ham mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5c. B\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ham mu\u1ed1n n\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn khi ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. Khi hooc m\u00f4n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00f9ng c\u00e1ch. Cho n\u00ean m\u1eadt t\u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi d\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ham mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee5c trong m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, th\u1ebf th\u00ec b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do. Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i xa \u0111\u1eb1ng sau. Th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng trong th\u00e2n th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n
Gi\u1eadn c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 sinh ho\u00e1 s\u1ebd s\u1edbm c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eadn, hay kh\u00f4ng d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt. Ph\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c gi\u1eadn. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y gi\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 gi\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y gi\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, cho n\u00ean t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3. Hay n\u1ebfu hooc m\u00f4n d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ecfi th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh d\u1ee5c hay kh\u00f4ng, gi\u1eadn hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra trong v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n
B\u1ea5t k\u00ec khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 \u0111i. B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ghen, suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 \u0111i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc \u0111\u00fang. Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ean trong b\u1ea1n. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 th\u1ee9c; n\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea1n h\u00e0nh x\u1eed d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n \u0111i\u00ean. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111i. \u0110\u1ec3 ghen c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eebng k\u00ecm n\u00e9n n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c; l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 gi\u1eadn, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u00f3; n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 d\u1ee5c, l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng cho n\u00f3. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra b\u00ean trong b\u1ea1n x\u1ea3y ra, v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n, c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 do. Moksha, t\u1ef1 do, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd b\u1ea5t k\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd t\u00e2m th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
T\u1eeb \u201cT\u00e2m l\u00ed c\u1ee7a b\u00ed truy\u1ec1n\u201d, Ch.11<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tri\u1ebft l\u00ed. C\u00e1c ki\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 … <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":2754,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[57],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2753","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-quan-sat-nhan-biet"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2753"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2758,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2753\/revisions\/2758"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2754"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2753"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2753"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reikivietnam.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2753"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}